TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL,WRITTEN EXPRESSION DAN PEMBAHASANNYA

TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL (READING) DAN PEMBAHASANNYA

By YULI ROSA RITA -
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        READING TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL 2 DAN PEMBAHASANNYA            Madison Square Garden,a world-famous sporting venue in Newyork City,has actually been a series of buildings in varied locations rather than a single building in one spot.In 1873,P.T.Barnum built Barnum's Monster Classical and Geological Hippodrome at the corner of Madison Avenue and 26th Street,across from Madison Square Park.Two years later,bandleader Patrick Gilmore bought the property,added statues and fountains,and renamed it Gilmore's Gardens.When Cornelius Vanderbilt bought the property in 1879,it was renamed Madison Square Garden.          A second very lavish Madison Square Garden was built at the same location in 1890,with a ballroom,a restaurant,a theater,a rooftop garden,and a main arena with seating for 15000.However,this elaborate Madison Square Garden lasted only until 1924,when it was torn down to make way for a forty-story skyscraper.          When the second Madison Square Garden ha
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TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL(READING) DAN PEMBAHASANNYA

By YULI ROSA RITA -

         According to the best evidence gathered by space probes and astronomers,Mars is an inhospitable planet,more similar to Earth's Moon than to Earth itself-a dry,stark,seemingly lifeless world.Mars'air pressure is equal to Earth's at an altitude of 100,000 feet.The air there is 95 percent carbon dioxide.

        Mars has no ozone layer to screen out the sun's lethal radiation.Daytime temperatures may reach above freezing,but because the planet is blanketed by the mere wisp of an atmosphare,the heat radiates back into space.Even at the equator,the temperature drops to-50c(-60F)at night.Today there is no liquid water,although valleys and channels on the surface show evidence of having been carved by running water.The polar ice caps are made of frozen water and carbon dioxide,and water may be frozen in the ground as permafrost.

        Despite these difficult conditions,certain scientists believe that there is a posibility of transforming Mars into a more Earth-like planet.Nuclear reactors might be used to melt frozen gases and eventually build up the atmosphere.This in turn could create a"greenhouse effect" that would stop heat from radiating back into space.Liquid water could be thawed to form a polar ocean.Once enough ice has melted,suitable plants could be introduced to build up the level of oxygen in the atmosphere so that,in time,the planet would support animal life from Earth and even permanent human colonies."This was once thought to be so far in the future as to be irrelevant."said Christopher McKay,a research scientist at the National Aeronautics and soace Administration.But now it's starting to look practical.We could begin work in four of five decades."

        The idea of"terra-forming"Mars,as enthusiasts call it,has its roots in science fiction.But as researchers develop a more profound understanding of how Earth's ecology supports life,they have begun to see how it may be possible to create similar conditions on Mars.Don't plan on homesteading on Mars any time soon,though.The process could take hundreds or even thousands of years to complete and the cost would be staggering.

1.With which of the following is the passage primarily concerned?

a.The possibility of changing the Martian environment.

b.The challenge of interplanetary travel.

c.The advantages of establishing colonies on Mars.

d.The need to study the Martian ecology.

The main theme of this passage is the idea of transforming Mars choice(A)best summarizes this idea.

2.The word"stark"in line 2 is closest in meaning to

a.harsh

b.unknown

c.dark

d.distant

The word stark means harsh,severe.

3.The word"there"in line 3 refers to

a.a point 100 miles above the Earth

b.the Earth's Moon

c.Mars

d.outer space

The word there refers to Mars

4.Which of the following does the author NOT list as a characteristic of the planet Mars that would make colonization difficult?

a.There is little liquid water

b.Daytime temperatures are dangerously high.

c.The sun's rays are deadly

d.Nightime temperatures are extremely low.

The passage states that,'ddaytime temperatures may reach above freezing."but there is no mention that temperatures ever become dangerously hot.The other characteristics are given in the first passage.

5.According to the passage,the Martianatmosphere today consists mainly of

a.carbon dioxide

b.oxygen

c.ozone

d.water vapor

According to the passage "The air there  is 95 percent carbon dioxide"(line 3)

6.It can be inffered from the passage that the "greenhouse effect"mentioned in line 12 is

a.the direct result of nuclear reactions

b.the cause of low temperatures on Mars

c.caused by the introduction of green plants

d.a possible means of warning Mars

According to the passage,building up to the admosphere"could create a greenhouse effect"that would stop heat from radiating back into space."The author points out in lines 4-6 that the fact that heat radiates back into space makes Mars so cold.

7.The word"suitable" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

a.resistant

b.altered

c.appropriate

d.native

The word suitable is closest in meaning to appropriate.

8.According to Christopher McKey,the possibility of transforming Mars

a.could only occur in science fiction stories

b.will not begin for hundreds,even thousands of years

c.is completely impractical

d.could be started in forty to fifty years

According to scientist Christopher McKay,the project could be started'in four or five decades"-forty or fifty years(lines 1-18).

9.As used in line 19,the term "terra-forming"refers to

a.a process for adapting plants to live on Mars

b.a means of transporting materials through space

c.a method of building hausing for colonists on Mars

d.a system of creating Earth-like conditions on other planets

Terranforming refers to the process of"transforming Mars into a more Eath-like planet"(lines 10-11)

10.The phrase"more profound"in lines 19-20 is closest in meaning to

a.deeper

b.more practical

c.more up-to-date

d.brighter

The phrase more profound means deeper.

11.According to the article,the basic knowledge needed to transform Mars comes from 

a.the science of astronomy

b.a knowledge of Earth's ecology

c.data from space probes

d.science fiction stories

The passage indicates that the posibility of transforming Mars comes from an"understanding of how Earth's ecology supports life"(line 20).

12.The word"staggering"in line 23 is closest in meaning to

a.astonishing

b.restrictive

c.increasing

d.unpredictable

The staggering means astonisbling

Thank for reading TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL 2 DAN PEMBAHASANNYA in my blog.
reference:
TOEFL SUCCESS(PETERSON'S)
TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL 2 DAN JAWABANNYA


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