TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL 2 ,WRITTEN EXPRESSION DAN PEMBAHASANNYA

                                 The observation of the skies has played a special part                 in the lives and cultures of people since the earliest of                 times.Evidence obtained from a site known as the hole in line         in the rock,in papago Park in Phoenix,Arizona,indicates  (5)          that it might have been used as an observatory by a                 prehistoric people known as the Hohokam.The physical                attributes of the site allow its use as a natural calendar/                clock.The"hole' at Hole in the Rock is formed by two                 large overhanging rocks  coming together at a piont, (10)        creating a shelter with an opening large enough for several                persons to pass through.The northeast-facing overhang                 has a smaller opening in its roof.It is this smaller hole that                produces the attributes that may have been used as a                 calendar/clock. (15)

             The final battle of the War of 1812 was the Battle of Mew Orleans.This battle gave a clear demonstration of the need for effective communication during wartime;it also showed the disastrous reslt that can come to pass when communication is inadequate.               The War of 1812 was fought between Great Britain and the very young country of the United States only a relatively few years after the United States had won its independence from Britain.The United States had declared war against Britain in june of 1812,mosly because of interference with U.S.shipping by the British and because of the shanghaiing of U.S. sailors for enforced service on  British vessels.The war lasted for a little more than two years,when a peace treaty was signed at Ghent,in Belgium,on the 24th of december,1814.               Unfortunately,the news that the Treaty of Ghent had been signed and that the war was officially over was not communicated in a timely manner over the wide distance to wher

             During the heyday of the railroads,when Ameria's rail system provided the bulk of the country's passenger and freight transportation,various types of railroad cars were in servive to accomplish the varied tasks handled by the railroads.One type of car that was not available for public use prior to the civil War,however,was a sleeping car,ideas for sleeping cars abounded at the time, but these ideas were unworkable.It unfortunately took the death of a president to make the sleeping car a viable reality.               Cabinet-maker George M.Pullman had recognized the demand for sleeping cars and had worked on developing experimental models of sleeping cars in the decade leading up to the Civil War.However,in spite of the fact that he had made successful test runs on the chicago and Alton Railroads with his models,he was unable to sell his idea because his models were too wide and too high for existing train stations and bridges.In 1863,after spending time working as

         Today ,the most universally known style of both men and women is jeans;these trousers are worn throuhout the world on a variety of occasions and in diverse situations.Also called levis or denims,jeans have an interesting history,one that is intermixed with the derivation of the words jeans,denims,and levis.               The word jeans is derived from the name of the place where a similar style of plants developed.In the sixteenth century,sailors from Genoa,Italy,wore a rather unique type of cotton trousers.In the French language,the word for the city of Genoa and for the people from that city is Genes;this name became attached to the specific style of pants worn by the sailors from this city and developed into the word jeans that today describes the descendents of the Genovese sailors' cotton pants.               Similar to the word jeans,the word denim is also derived from a place name.In the seventeenth century,French tailors began making trousers out of a specialized t

             Just two months after the flight of Apollo 10,the Apollo 11 astronouts made their historic landing on the surface of the moon.This momentous trip for humanity also provided scientists with an abundance of material for study;from rock and soil samples brought back from the Moon,scientists have been able to determine much about the composition of the Moon as well as to draw inferences about the development of the Moon from its composition.               The Moon soil that came back on Apollo 11 contains small bits of rock and glass which were probably ground from larger rocks when meteors impacted with the surface of the Moon.The bits of glass are spherical in shape and constitute approximately half of the Moon soil.Scientists found no trace of animal or plant life in this soil.               In addition to the Moon soil,astronauts gathered two basic types of rocks from the surface of the Moon:basalt and breccia.Basalt is a cooled and hardened volcanic lava common to the E

             What is commonly cf called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plant.Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum,a vine with fruits called peppercorns.The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out.The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtaind black papper.White pepper,which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper,comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper,to obtain white pepper,the outer hull of the peppercorn,the pericarp,is removed before the peppercorn is ground.               Red and green peppers,on the other hand,come from a completely different family from  black and white pepper,Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum.Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors,shapes,and sizes.These peppers range in flavor that from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable.Bell pep

 1.The American Academy of Arts and Sciences.......11 from Harvard as its newest member. a.are electing b.were electing c.has elected d.have elected 2.The United States.....a nation of immigrants. a.is b.was c.are d.were 3.More than 50% of companies employing more than 5000 employees........virtual teams. a.use b.uses c.has used d.is using 4.Eleven million workers.....instant messaging technology in 2004. a.use b.uses c.are using d.used 5............about virtual teamwork,it is important to use technologies. a.Teach b.To teach c.Teacher d.Teaches 6.This study.......the effects of teacher turnover on over 850.000 New York City fourth and fifthgrade student observations over 8 years. a.estimate b.estimates c.estimating d.to estimate 7.According to American Community Survevy in 2010 data,Americans reporting English ancestry........an estimated 9.0% of the total U.S. population. a.make up b.makes up c.made up d.is making up 8.Throughout the nineteenth century,England was the largest invest

1.Woman:Louise,how did your football team do last season?    Man:We won three,lost five,and tied twice.    Third voice:How many games does the man say his team tied?    a.5    b.3    c.2    d.8 2.Woman:Do you know what happened to Sally?    Man:She couldn't find the classroom until after the the class had begun.    Third voice:What does the man say happened to Sally?     a.She went to the wrong class.    b.She was late for class because she got lost.    c.She missed the class.    d.She had some trouble finding the class,but she arrived on time. 3.Woman:Did April visit you in the hospital when you were ill?    Man:No,but it was certainly kind of her to send me flowers.    Third voice :What does the man say about the flower?    a.The man is not sure which type of flowers April sent.    b.April received many kinds of flowers.    c.The man receive many kinds of flowers from April.    d.The man appreciated April's sending him flowers. 4.Man:William looked very tired this morning.  

             Niagara Falls , of the most famous North American natural wonders,has long been a popular tourist destination.Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara Falls:the 173-foot-high Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the Niagara River in the Canadian province of Ontario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S.side of the river in the state of  New York.Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over Horseshoe Falls,with the rest going over American Falls.               Most visitors come between April and October,and it is quite a popular activity to take a steamer out onto the river and right up to the base of the falls for a close-up view.It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from from the strategic location along the Niagara River,such as Prospect Point or Table Rock,or from one of the four observation towers which have heights up to 500 feet.               Tourists have been

                       The history of clinical nutrition ,or the study of the               relationship between health and how the body takes in and              utilizes food substances,can be divided into four distinct  line       eras:the first began in the nineteenth century and extended (5)        into the early twentieth century when it was recognized              for the first time that food contained constituents that were              essential for human function and that different foods               provided different amounts of these essential agents.Near               the end of this era,research studies demonstrated that rapid (10)      weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and               could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary               protein associated with certain foods.                      The second era was initiated in the early decades of               the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin