The most easily recognizable meteorites are the iron variety,although they only represent about 5 percent of all meteorite falls.They are composed of iron and nickel along with sulfur,carbon,and traces of other elements.Their composition is thought to he similar to that of Earth's iron core and indeed they might have once made up the core of a large planetoid that disintegrated long ago.Due to their dense structure,iron meteorites have the best chance of surviving an impact,and most are found by farmers plowing their fields.
One of the best hunting grounds for meteorites is on the glaciers of Antartctica where the dark stones stand out in stark contrast to the white snow and ice.When meteorites fall on the continent)they are embedded in the moving ice sheets.At places where the glaciers move upward against mountain ranges,meteorites are left exposed on the surface.Some of the meteorites that have landed in Antarctica are believed to have conic from the Moon and even as far away as Mars,when large impacts blasted out chunks of material and hurled them toward Earth.
Perhaps the world's largest source of mateorites is the Nullarbor Plain,an area of limestone that stretches for 400 miles along the southern coast of Western and South Australia.The pale,smooth desert plain provedes a perfect backdrop for spotting meteorites,which are usually dark brown of black.Since very little erosion takes place,the meteorites are well preserved and are found just where they landed.Over 1,000.fragments from 150 meteorites that fell during the last 20,000 years have been recovered.One large iron meteorite,called the Mundragilla meteorite,weighed more than 11 tons.
Stone meteorites,called chordates,are the most common type and make up more than 90 percent of all falls.But because they are similar to Earth materials and therefore erode easily,they are often difficult to find.Among the most ancient bodies in the solar system are the carbonaceous chondrites that also contain carbon compounds that might have been the precursors of life on Earth.
1.What is the passage mainly about?
a.Finding meteorites on Earth's surface
b.How the composition of meteorites is similar to that of Earth
c.Why most meteorites do not survive impact with Earth
d.The orgins of meteorites
2.The word"core"in line 4 is closest in meaning 7to
a.center
b.surface
c.mineral
d.field
3.The author mentions"dark stones"and "white snow"in line 8 to illustrate that.
a.meteorites are found most often in Antarctica
b.glaciers stop meteorites from mixing with soil
c.meteorites are easier to find in glacial areas
d.most of Antarctica is covered with meteorites
4.The word"embedded"in line 10 is closest in meaning to
a.isolated
b.encased
c.enhanced
d.enlarged
5.The word"spotting"in line 17 is closest in meaning to
a.removing
b.identifying
c.cooling
d.falling
6.The passage suggests that which of the following is most commonly responsible for the poor preservation of meteorites that fall to Earth?
a.The size of the fragments
b.Ice sheets
c.Erosion
d.Desert heat
7.Where was the Mundrabilla meteorites discovered?
a.On the Nullarbor Plain
b.In a field
c.On a mountain
d.In Antarctica
8.The word"they"in line 24 refers to
a.stony meteorites
b.falls
c.Earth materials
d.ancient bodies
9.Why does the author mention carbonaceous chondrites(line 26)?
a.They are the largest meteorites found on Earth.
b.They are most likely to be found whole.
c.They come from outside the solar system.
d.They may be related to the origins of life on Earth.
10.According to the passage,stony meteorites
a.composed of fragmented materials
b.less likely to be discovered than iron meteorites
c.mostly lost in space
d.found only on the Nullarbor Plain
.png "TRIK JITU MENGERJAKAN SOAL TOEFL 2 DAN PEMBAHASANNYA")
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soal soal toefl dan pembahasannya 2